{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c0171c43",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 上周回顾\n",
    "> 1. 函数的定义 ： def\n",
    "> 2. 函数名的定义规则-->变量名一样的规则\n",
    "> 3. 调用函数的方式\n",
    "> 4. 参数：\n",
    ">> 1. 形式参数（定义函数）\n",
    ">> 2. 实际参数（调用函数）\n",
    ">> 3. 有多个参数时：\n",
    "关键字参数\n",
    ">>> 1. 位置参数（调用函数时）---> 关键字参数要均放在末尾（多个不考虑顺序）\n",
    ">>> 2. 默认参数（定义函数时）---> 默认参数均放在末尾（多个不考虑顺序"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "42ca3348",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 本周知识\n",
    "> 1. 函数的返回值\n",
    "> 2. 函数的参数类型\n",
    "> 3. 模块与函数的关系\n",
    "> 4. 定义一个模块，然后调用模块\n",
    ">> 1. 调用模块\n",
    ">> 2. 调用模块中的函数\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7c078490",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 1. 函数的返回值\n",
    "> 1. 函数一定有返回值（无论是什么编程语言）\n",
    "> 2. 返回值的关键字： return\n",
    "> 3. 在其他的编程语言中（如c语言，java等），返回> 1. 返回值可以是 字符串、数值、列表、字典等数据（单一值）\n",
    "> 2. 返回值是唯一的，不可以有两个（这是其他语言，如c语言，java等）\n",
    "值一定要写，不写会报错；但是在python中，return可以不写，return 默认为 None\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "78a7a225",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):\n",
    "    \"\"\"返回整洁的姓名\"\"\"\n",
    "    full_name = first_name + ' '+ last_name\n",
    "    # print(full name)\n",
    "    return full_name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "330f7edb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Li Hua\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(get_formatted_name(\"Li\",\"Hua\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "75f34b7b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def log_in(username,password):\n",
    "    \"\"\"验证登录信息\"\"\"\n",
    "    if username == \"Lihua\" and password == 123456:\n",
    "        return 1\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return 0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "24834f69",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "log_in(\"Lihua\",123456)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "04ae58b9",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 2.函数的参数\n",
    "### 1.函数输入的参数\n",
    "> 1. 函数可以输入复杂的参数：\n",
    ">> 1. 函数参数为列表\n",
    ">> 2. 函数参数为字典\n",
    "> 2. 传递任意数量的实参\n",
    ">> 1. *args\n",
    ">> 2. *kwargs"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "06da3b75",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def list_test(names):\n",
    "    \"\"\"函数输入一个列表\"\"\"\n",
    "    print(names)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "8148821f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['Lihua', 'Ziqi', 'Xiaofeng']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list_test([\"Lihua\",\"Ziqi\",\"Xiaofeng\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "c913d93b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def dict_test(request_header):\n",
    "    \"\"\"函数输入一个字典\"\"\"\n",
    "    print(request_header)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "a857f678",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "httpbin_get = {\n",
    "  \"args\": {}, \n",
    "  \"headers\": {\n",
    "    \"Accept\": \"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9\", \n",
    "    \"Accept-Encoding\": \"gzip, deflate\", \n",
    "    \"Accept-Language\": \"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9\", \n",
    "    \"Host\": \"httpbin.org\", \n",
    "    \"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests\": \"1\", \n",
    "    \"User-Agent\": \"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.45 Safari/537.36\", \n",
    "    \"X-Amzn-Trace-Id\": \"Root=1-61ad737f-7f5950b167a70a144d4c082b\"\n",
    "  }, \n",
    "  \"origin\": \"210.21.79.236\", \n",
    "  \"url\": \"http://httpbin.org/get\"\n",
    "}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "b90e1126",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9', 'Host': 'httpbin.org', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.45 Safari/537.36', 'X-Amzn-Trace-Id': 'Root=1-61ad737f-7f5950b167a70a144d4c082b'}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 调用函数时，给一个字典作为输入值\n",
    "dict_test(httpbin_get[\"headers\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e8cfc804",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "> 1. args\n",
    ">> 1. args 可以接受多个数据（单值）\n",
    ">> 2. args 将多个数据存在一个元组当中，实际还是一个变量\n",
    "> 2. kwargs\n",
    ">> 1. kwargs 可以接受多个数据(键值对)==> 关键字参数\n",
    ">> 2. kwargs 将多个 键值对 的数据存放在一个 字典 中，实际上还是一个变量"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "id": "2dcf6857",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# *args 实践：\n",
    "def make_food(food,*toppings):  \n",
    "    \"\"\"食物配料单\"\"\"\n",
    "    return food,toppings"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "id": "77ac8fda",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "build_food = make_food(\"pizza\",\"mushroom\",\"green peppers\",\"extra cheese\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "id": "484df0fc",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "('pizza', ('mushroom', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese'))"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "build_food"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "id": "c782d286",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# **kwargs 实践\n",
    "def person(name,**info):\n",
    "    \"\"\"个人信息完善表\"\"\"\n",
    "    return name,info"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "id": "69e7972b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "build_person = person(\"Lihua\",age=18,job=\"student\",address=\"广州南方学院\",e_mail=\"123456@qq.com\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "id": "6c7ae2eb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "('Lihua', {'age': 18, 'job': 'student', 'address': '广州南方学院', 'e_mail': '123456@qq.com'})\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(build_person)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "83d78a9b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "###  2.函数输出的返回值\n",
    "> 1. 返回值可以是 字符串、数值、列表、字典等数据（单一值）\n",
    "> 2. 返回值是唯一的，不可以有两个（这是其他语言，如C语言，Java等）\n",
    "> 3. python可以输出多个返回值，结果会用一个元组进行封装并返回。（本质不违背函数的定义）"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "id": "acd5aec4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test1_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return\"\"\"\n",
    "    return \"你好\"\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "id": "4557fd16",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'你好'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test1_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "id": "624be690",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test2_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return\"\"\"\n",
    "    return 0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "id": "8906a31f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test2_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "id": "fdf82b91",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test3_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return\"\"\"\n",
    "    return [1,2,3,4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "id": "7d60d85e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test3_return()\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "id": "e7529772",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test4_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return\"\"\"\n",
    "    return httpbin_get['headers']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "id": "1db5df44",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',\n",
       " 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',\n",
       " 'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',\n",
       " 'Host': 'httpbin.org',\n",
       " 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',\n",
       " 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.45 Safari/537.36',\n",
       " 'X-Amzn-Trace-Id': 'Root=1-61ad737f-7f5950b167a70a144d4c082b'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test4_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "id": "044bd3ac",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 测试多个值\n",
    "\n",
    "def test5_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return\"\"\"\n",
    "    return 1,2,\"Lihua\",[1,2,3],{\"name\":\"Alex\"}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "id": "55b46c83",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 2, 'Lihua', [1, 2, 3], {'name': 'Alex'})"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 39,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test5_return()\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "879e2fb5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 3. 模块\n",
    "\n",
    "> 1. 使用模块可以隐藏函数的源代码\n",
    "> 2. 使用的人不需要会底层代码（只需要会使用模块即可）\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "id": "4d298d9b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import time"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "id": "2cb97bb6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=6, tm_hour=16, tm_min=35, tm_sec=35, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=340, tm_isdst=0)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 43,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "time.localtime()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "4a2281d5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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